History of Ukrainian wind energy
There were 30,000 windmills in Ukraine, traditionally considered the first mechanism for using wind energy. The subsequent collectivization policy and the period of Russian repression significantly reduced their number. As of 1955, there were only 8,500 windmills in Soviet Ukraine with a total capacity of 60,000 horsepower, grinding grain, and 1,500 windmills with a total capacity of 7,100 horsepower, pumping water.
The beginning of the development of industrial wind power in Ukraine for the purpose of generating electricity, in which the Ukrainian scientist and researcher Yuriy Kondratyuk played a key role.
The first prototype of an industrial wind turbine with a capacity of 100 kW was installed in Balaklava, Crimea.
A wind generator with a unit capacity of 1 MW was designed.
A two-story windmill with a unit capacity of
10 MW was developed: the height of the first level was 65 m, and the second – 150 m. The foundation for this windmill was laid on Mount Ai-Petri, Crimea.
The Kyiv Artem Plant (now the State Joint-Stock Holding Company “Artem”) mastered the production of a wind generator with a unit capacity of 3.5 kW. The wind generator was installed on a wooden pole (tower) at a height of 12 m.
Wind energy is positioned under the name “blue coal”.
In Ukraine, there are several hundred wind generators with a unit capacity of about 4 kW, which were mostly used in the agricultural sector and produced electricity from direct current.
The Yuzhnoye Design Bureau developed the first wind turbine AVE-250 after the end of World War II.
The first industrial wind power plant in Ukraine, Aktashskaya, was put into operation in Crimea, consisting of 42 wind turbines with a unit capacity of 200, 250 and 500 kW.
With the financial support of several Ukrainian medical institutions, a vertical axis wind turbine with a capacity of 420 kW was developed specifically to provide electricity to one of the Crimean Medical Rehabilitation Centers for people affected by the Chernobyl disaster in 1986.
Ukraine adopted the state “Comprehensive Program for the Construction of Wind Power Plants in Ukraine”, the slogan of which was: “clean energy instead of weapons”. The implementation of the program was the responsibility of defense complex enterprises, in particular, the State Enterprise “Production Association Southern Machine-Building Plant”.
An experimental turbocharged wind turbine TG-750 with a capacity of 750 kW was built. However, the wind turbine model did not go into mass production.
A wind energy market is being created in Ukraine due to the emergence of the first private wind energy companies, including Concord Group LLC, Wind Parks of Ukraine Management Company LLC, Furlander Wind Technology LLC, and Windcraft Ukraine LLC.
The Public Organization “Ukrainian Wind Energy Association” was created.
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted the Law of Ukraine No. 1220-VI “On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On Electric Power Industry” regarding the stimulation of the use of alternative energy sources”, which introduced a “green” tariff.
The State Comprehensive Program has been suspended due to its inefficiency. Through the efforts of state defense enterprises, the total installed wind power capacity in Ukraine (in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea) has reached 87.5 MW.
The Ukrainian wind energy market is becoming exclusively a private business sector and is gaining significant momentum in development. Installation of the first modern megawatt-class wind turbines in Ukraine.
Opening of a company for the production of Fuhrländer FL2500 wind turbines, with a unit capacity of 2.5 MW, on the basis of the Kramatorsk Heavy Machine Tool Plant.
Opening of the first wind power plant in Western Ukraine.
The installed capacity of wind energy in Ukraine has exceeded 1 GW.
The beginning of a full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine.
Since the start of the full-scale invasion, 573 MW have been installed, and the total installed wind power capacity has reached 2.2 GW, including wind farms in temporarily occupied territories.
